![]() Shaver (Eds.), Handbook of attachment: Theory, research, and clinical applications (2nd ed., pp. The multiple facets of attachment in adolescence (399-415). Attachments Beyond American Psychologist, 44(4), 709–716. ![]() Pakistan Journal of Psychology, 44(1), 67–80.Īinsworth, M. Translation and psychometric assessment of social anxiety scale for adolescents in Pakistan. International Journal of Neuroscience and Behavioral Science, 4(2), 32–36. Depression and anxiety: A snapshot of the situation in Pakistan. Implications are further discussed in the article.Īhmed, B., Enam, S., Iqbal, Z., Murtaza, G., & Bashir, S. The current study enhances our understanding of the distinct role of attachment security with mother, father and peers on the differential developmental outcomes of male and female adolescents. For males, only paternal and peer attachment had significant association with depressive and anxiety symptoms through negative automatic thoughts. Additionally, the moderated mediation analysis showed that for females, quality of maternal, paternal, and peer attachment showed indirect association with depressive and anxiety symptoms. Results indicated that quality of maternal and peer attachments were indirectly linked with depressive and anxiety symptoms via negative automatic thoughts, paternal attachment was directly and indirectly associated with depressive symptoms, while parental attachment was indirectly related to anxiety symptoms. The models were tested through structural equation modelling. Participants completed a set of questionnaires including Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment-Urdu, Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale and Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire. The data in this cross sectional study were collected from 936 Pakistani late adolescents (mean age = 17.79 years, SD = .69) studied in Rawalpindi district colleges, through multi-stage cluster sampling. Based on the integration of the attachment theory and the cognitive theory, the current study investigated: (a) the mediation effect of negative automatic thoughts in the linkages between attachment relationships (maternal, paternal, and peer attachment) and psychological problems (depressive and anxiety symptoms) and (b) the moderating role of adolescent’s gender in the mediation model. New York: Guilford Press.The associations between attachment relationships, negative automatic thoughts, and psychological problems are theoretically supported and well-entrenched in the literature. For example, patients prone to worry might be encouraged to focus on the automatic predictions they make, and clients with health anxiety might be encouraged to focus on negative thoughts relating to their health. Disorder-specific thought records are used to gather information relevant to a particular condition.The thought distortion record helps patients to identify common biases in their thinking. For example, the common 7-column thought challenging format encourages patients to evaluate the evidence for and against a particular thought. Thought-challenging records are used to help patients dispute their negative thinking.Thought-monitoring recordsare used to identify negative automatic thoughts, notice associations between events and cognitions, and to help patients understand the links between thoughts, emotions, and body sensations.Self-monitoring records enable a clinician to gather information relevant for a cross-sectional formulation. Self-monitoring recordsare used to gather information about thoughts in the context of a situation, emotions elicited, and coping responses (behaviors).What Are CBT Thought Records? Types of CBT Thought Records Psychology Tools has created a variety of thought records to suit the needs of a broad range of cognitive therapists. Thought records vary considerably and include: simple forms that assist patients to capture their negative automatic thoughts thought challenging records that guide patients through the process of disputing their negative cognitions and disorder-specific forms that encourage the capture of specific types of cognitive content. One objective when using thought records in CBT is to encourage more balanced thinking. Recording and evaluating thoughts allows us to test the accuracy of our thinking, and oftentimes feel better by identifying and correcting bias or inaccuracies. Thought records are tools used by cognitive behavioral therapists to help their patients capture, evaluate, and restructure their negative automatic thoughts. Unfortunately, they are also prone to bias: misappraisals of events and situations underpin many common problems, including anxiety and depression. Cognitions are automatic, habitual, and believable. The cognitive model assumes that cognitions (thoughts and images) are responsible for emotions. ![]()
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